Maintenance costs NOT included. Typically £15–£20/kWp/year.
Roof/mount coverage: 80–90% of total area assumed usable depending on mount type, accounting for edge setbacks, obstructions, and inter-row spacing.
Self-consumption: 70% of generation is assumed consumed on-site, displacing grid electricity at the import rate.
Export upside: the remaining 20% exported at a nominal 5p/kWh (SEG rate) is shown separately above as additional upside only — excluded from savings as export rates are not guaranteed and vary by DNO and tariff.
Panel degradation: 0.5% per year (manufacturer linear performance warranty standard).
Electricity price inflation: 3% per year.
Panel spec: 450W, 2.27m × 1.13m (2.57m²). System efficiency (performance ratio): 80%. Installation cost is all-inclusive (panels, inverters, mounting, electrical, commissioning).
Carbon factor: 0.196 kg CO₂/kWh (UK grid 2026).
Does not include costs for scaffolding, surveys such as structural and also any grid associated costs or upgrades.